NIOS MCQ for Class 12 Political Science Chapter 1 Meaning and Scope of Political Science
1. What is the traditional focus of Political Science?
a. Power and authority
b. Political behavior
c. The state and government
d. Political issues
Answer: c) The state and government.
2. According to J.W. Garner, where does politics begin and end?
a. Society
b. Government
c. Power and authority
d. The state
Answer: a) Society.
3. What does the modern view of Political Science emphasize?
a. The study of power and authority
b. The study of the state and government
c. The study of political behavior
d. The study of political issues
Answer: d) The study of political issues.
4. What does Political Science encompass?
a. The study of the state and political system
b. The study of government and power
c. The study of political behavior
d. All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above.
5. What does the term “Politics” refer to?
a. The study of power and authority
b. The study of the state and government
c. The study of political behavior
d. All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above.
6. According to Harold D. Lasswell and Abraham Kaplan, Political Science is the study of:
a. The state and government
b. Shaping and sharing of power
c. Political behavior
d. Empirical facts and normative issues
Answer: b) Shaping and sharing of power.
7. When did the systematic study of Politics start?
a. Ancient Greece
b. Middle Ages
c. Industrial Revolution
d. Twentieth century
Answer: a) Ancient Greece.
8. What did the behavioural movement in American Political Science emphasize?
a. The study of political institutions and structures
b. The study of political behavior
c. The study of power and authority
d. The study of political issues
Answer: b) The study of political behavior.
9. What distinguishes Politics from Political Science?
a. Politics is the study of power, while Political Science is the study of the state.
b. Politics is the practice of politics, while Political Science is the study of politics.
c. There is no distinction between the two.
d. Politics is a broader term that encompasses Political Science.
Answer: b) Politics is the practice of politics, while Political Science is the study of politics.
10. What are some positive aspects of practical politics?
a. Removal of untouchability and land reforms
b. Empowerment of backward classes
c. Introduction of minimum wages
d. All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above.
11. What is the role of the state in a welfare state?
a. To promote common good and well-being
b. To protect individual rights and liberty
c. To exploit and dominate the have-nots
d. To act as a trustee of the people
Answer: a) To promote common good and well-being.
12. What is the distinction between power and authority?
a. Power is legitimate, while authority is illegitimate.
b. Power is the ability to affect others, while authority is power plus legitimacy.
c. Power is exercised openly, while authority is exercised in unseen ways.
d. Power is proper, while authority is improper.
Answer: b) Power is the ability to affect others, while authority is power plus legitimacy.
13. What is the traditional focus of Political Science?
a) The study of power and authority
b) The study of political behavior
c) The study of the state and government
d) The study of political issues
Answer: c) The study of the state and government.
14. What does the modern view of Political Science emphasize?
a) The study of power and authority
b) The study of political behavior
c) The study of the state and government
d) The study of political issues
Answer: a) The study of power and authority.
15. According to J.W. Garner, where does politics begin and end?
a) With political parties
b) With the citizens
c) With the state
d) With international relations
Answer: c) With the state.
16. What is the scope of Political Science?
a) Study of power and authority
b) Study of the state and political system
c) Study of political behavior
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above.
17. What is the origin of the term “Politics”?
a) Greek word “polis” meaning city-state
b) Latin word “politicus” meaning government
c) English word “polity” meaning governance
d) French word “politique” meaning policy
Answer: a) Greek word “polis” meaning city-state.
18. What does Political Science deal with in terms of empirical facts and normative issues?
a) Describing the state of affairs
b) Changing or improving political institutions
c) Evaluating existing political practices
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above.
19. When did the systematic study of Politics begin?
a) 19th century
b) Middle Ages
c) 4th century BC
d) 20th century
Answer: c) 4th century BC.
20. What did the ancient Greeks consider Politics to be?
a) An all-encompassing activity
b) A branch of religious order
c) A study of power and authority
d) A study of social institutions
Answer: a) An all-encompassing activity.
21. What is the focus of the behavioral approach in Political Science?
a) Political institutions and structures
b) Political ideas and ideologies
c) Political activity and behavior
d) Political conflicts and competition
Answer: c) Political activity and behavior.
22. According to the Marxist view, what is the basis of political conflict?
a) Ethnicity and race
b) Social class and economic inequality
c) Political ideology and party affiliation
d) Regional differences and cultural diversity
Answer: b) Social class and economic inequality.
23. How does practical politics differ from the study of Political Science?
a) Practical politics involves manipulation and craftiness
b) Practical politics focuses on actual governance and legislation
c) Practical politics is corrupting in nature
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above.
24. What is the role of the state according to the Welfare State concept?
a) To protect individual rights and freedoms
b) To promote the well-being of its citizens
c) To maintain law and order
d) To exercise unrestricted authority
Answer: b) To promote the well-being of its citizens.
25. What is the relationship between power and legitimacy?
a) Power is always legitimate
b) Legitimacy is derived from power
c) Power can be legitimate or illegitimate
d) Legitimacy is a form of power
Answer: c) Power can be legitimate or illegitimate.
26. Which branch of government is responsible for implementing and enforcing laws?
a. Legislative branch
b. Executive branch
c. Judicial branch
d. Administrative branch
Answer: b) Executive branch.
27. What is the term used to describe a system of government where power is concentrated in the hands of a few individuals or a small group?
a. Democracy
b. Monarchy
c. Oligarchy
d. Autocracy
Answer: c) Oligarchy.
28. Which political ideology emphasizes limited government intervention in the economy and individual freedoms?
a. Capitalism
b. Socialism
c. Fascism
d. Libertarianism
Answer: a) Capitalism.
29. What is the main function of the executive branch in a democratic system?
a. To interpret laws
b. To make laws
c. To enforce laws
d. To administer laws
Answer: c) To enforce laws.
30. What principle ensures a system of checks and limitations on each branch of government?
a. Rule of law
b. Separation of powers
c. Checks and balances
d. Due process
Answer: c) Checks and balances.
31. In a presidential system of government, who is the head of state and head of government?
a. President
b. Prime Minister
c. Monarch
d. Speaker of the House
Answer: a) President.
32. What is the term used to describe the process of one country annexing or incorporating another territory?
a. Secession
b. Sanction
c. Annexation
d. Brexit
Answer: c) Annexation.
33. Which branch of government is responsible for making laws?
a. Executive branch
b. Legislative branch
c. Judicial branch
d. Administrative branch
Answer: b) Legislative branch.
34. What is the term used to describe a system of government where power is concentrated in a central authority?
a. Federalism
b. Unitary system
c. Confederation
d. Authoritarianism
Answer: b) Unitary system.
35. What principle allows the judicial branch to review and invalidate laws that are deemed unconstitutional?
a. Rule of law
b. Separation of powers
c. Checks and balances
d. Judicial review
Answer: d) Judicial review.